Genetic Testing for Pediatric Kidney Disease
When presenting before 25 years of age, CKD is often (49.1%) related to congenital abnormalities of the kidney or urinary tract (CAKUT). The types of congenital anomalies may include obstructive uropathy, dysplastic kidney, reflux nephropathy , or prune belly syndrome. Approximately 10.4% will have CKD due to steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, notably focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, congenital nephrotic syndrome, membranous nephropathy, or Denys-Drash syndrome. Chronic glomerulonephritis accounts for 8.1% of cases and may present as systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, IgA nephritis, or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-Type I/II. Other causes of early-onset CKD include renal cystic ciliopathies , hemolytic uremic syndrome, nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis, or other/unknown causes. Genetic causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) While a clinical diagnosis is often made, many cases of early-onset kidney disease also have an underlying genetic cause. Genetic causes o